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Infer Inheritance Patterns from a Family Trait Record
A rare genetic trait appears in one extended family. Assume the trait is fully penetrant, there are no new mutations, and every listed biological relationship is correct.
Family record:
- Generation I: I-1 is an unaffected male and I-2 is an unaffected female. They have three children: II-1 unaffected female, II-2 affected male, and II-3 unaffected female.
- II-2 (affected male) and his unaffected female partner II-4 have two children: III-1 affected daughter and III-2 unaffected son.
- II-1 (unaffected female) and her unaffected male partner II-5 have two children: III-3 unaffected daughter and III-4 unaffected son.
- II-3 (unaffected female) and her unaffected male partner II-6 have one child: III-5 affected son.
Question:
1. Which of the following inheritance modes are consistent with the family record, and which can be ruled out: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant, X-linked recessive, Y-linked, mitochondrial?
2. For each mode, give a brief reason based only on the information provided.
3. Identify the single most likely mode if you must choose one, and explain why it is more plausible than the other consistent mode or modes.
Answer in clear bullet points.